論文

(Abstract) Previous studies have demonstrated that self-control has trait and state aspects. The former assumes that self-control is stable over time, whereas the latter is changeable with the given situation. As trait and state aspects are not mutually exclusive, we examined the interaction effect of trait and state self-control on deviant behavior using a scenario method. We provided 46 participants (20 men and 26 women) with six scenarios depicting a conflict situation and asked them whether or not they would commit deviant behavior. Then, participants described the cost and severity of committing deviant behavior (situational self-control), and rated their intent to commit deviant behavior. We also asked them to rate their perceived degree of trait self-control. We conducted a hierarchical multiple regression analysis on intent to commit deviant behavior. The results revealed that trait and situational self-control were related with intent to commit deviant behaviors but we did not find a significant interaction effect. Furthermore, we also found an interaction effect between a subcomponent of trait (anger) and situational self-control by conducting additional analysis. These results implied that our hypothesis was partially supported.専攻: 犯罪心理学

In this paper, based on the overall justice scale (Ambrose and Schminke, 2009), we created a Overall Justice and Injustice for University and College Entrance Examination scale (OJIUCEE) and examined whether there isa s ymmetrical relationship between perceptions ofju stice and perceptions ofin justice in 10 Asian and Oceanian countries. Specifically, we measure justice and injustice in reverse order, using the Overall Justice and Injustice forU niversity and CollegeE ntrance Examination scale (OJIUCEE), based on the full-rangeJ ustice scale developed byC olquitt et .la (2015), which combines adherence toju stice rules Gustice) and violation ofju stice rules (injustice). We commissioned an internet survey company with overseas monitors to conduct the survey, and obtained as ample of72 2 people inJ apan, 196 inT hailand, 145 inV ietnam, and 248 inA ustraliain M arch 2023, and 422 inC hina, 196 inH ongK ong, and 137 inT aiwan inA pril20 23. The surveys ubjectsw ere 3520 people who had experienced taking university and college entrance examinations in the capital cities or major metropolitan areas ofea ch country. Prior toa nalysis, we checked the internal consistencyo fth e justice perception items, and found that the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was.875, which met the required standard. In addition, the Cronbach's alpha coeficientfo rth e injustice perception items was.868, which metth e required standard. The results ofth e correlation analysiss howed that, overall, there was am oderaten egative correlation between justice perception and injustice perception (-.537), suggesting that there was a certain degree of symmetry between justice perception and injustice perception. On the other hand, when looking at the results by country, we found that there were considerable differences, from countries with low correlations (India: -.299, Thailand: -.344, Vietnam: -.405) to countries with high correlations (Taiwan: -.742, Australia: -.718, SouthK orea: -.639). In other words, it was suggested thatth e perception ofju stice or injustice regarding university and college entrance examinations varied from country to country, from countries where many people thoughtth atth e university and collegee ntrance examinations systemw as faira nd thatth e society was fairly selecting students, to countries where many people thought that the university and college entrance examinations systemw as unfaira nd thatth e society was unfairlys electings tudents, toc ountries where it could be saidt hatth e society was fairlys electings tudentsin s ome respectsb utw as thoughtto be slightly unfair in others. These differences inp erceptions ofju stice and injustice inu niversity and collegee ntrance examinations ine ach countryw ere also clear fromt he resultso fth e one-waya nalysiso fva riance usingt he mean difference comparison. In the case ofpe rceptions ofju stice, the topt hree countries int erms ofsc ale mean values were, fromt he top, China, Vietnam and Australia, and the bottomt hree countries int erms ofsc ale mean values were, fromt he bottom, SouthK orea, Japan and Taiwan. Conversely, int he case ofpe rceived injustice, the three countries with the lowest scale means (i.e. those perceived as justice) were China, Australia, and Vietnam, while the three countries with the highest scale means (perceived as injustice) were Thailand, South Korea, and India. In this results, it can be said that the countries with the highest perception of justice and the countries with the low estperception of injustice (China, Vietnam, Australia) maintainsy mmetry int heirp erceptions, and there is as trongtendency to think that theya re justice and not in justice (or vice versa). On the other hand, the top countries for injustice perception and the bottom countries for justice perception are completely different: the former includes Thailand, South Korea and India, while the latter includes South Korea, Japan and Taiwan. This is also reflected int he low correla

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コレクション : 国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション > デジタル化資料 > 雑誌

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本研究は、組織における公正さについて検討するものである。伝統的な公正研究に従えば、個人の公正や不公正の判断や公正さに対する反応は、合理的で理性的な意思決定過程に基づくとみなされてきた。本研究は、こうした伝統的な視点だけでなく、公正さや不公正さの判断やその影響過程が直観的なプロセスを経て行われる可能性について検討した。いくつかの研究を通して、公正研究における直感的なプロセスの重要性が示唆された。今後は、合理的アプローチと直観アプローチ統合し、組織的公正を発展させる必要性が認識された。

The regulatory fit between regulatory focus and framing of leaders' messages to motivate their followers was examined in this study. Toward this end, an exploratory survey was conducted to develop messages germane to regulatory focus. These messages were employed in the following two experimental studies. Study 1 tested the regulatory-fit hypotheses from the perspective of leaders, who selected positively or negatively framed messages for promotion- and prevention-focused scenarios. The results revealed that leaders were more likely to choose positively framed messages when conveying promotion-focused messages and negatively framed messages when conveying prevention-focused messages. While leaders high in promotion focus and transformational leadership tended to choose positive framing, those high in prevention and authoritarian leadership were inclined to prefer negative framing. The effect of regulatory fit from followers' perspective was examined in Study 2 to determine whether regulatory-fit messages increased followers' motivation. The results revealed that participants in the regulatory-fit condition exhibited higher motivation only in the promotion and positive-framing condition. The implications of the findings for regulatory-fit theory and leadership research are discussed.

The present study discusses how we are to conceptualize organizational justice as a collective concept. Firstly, the authors make a brief review of a history of individual organizational justice researches along the four waves of research and theorizing suggested by Colquitt, Greenberg, & Zapata−Phelan (2004). The following waves of justice studies are also suggested; justice as a moral approach and multi−level approach. Secondly, the measurement issues of collective concepts are discussed. Specifically, I argue the way in which the lower level data can be combined to compose the higher level construct. With regard to procedures for composition, I introduced some statistical techniques to justify aggregating an individual level data to group level. Lastly, future research agenda of interaction between individual and collective justice is discussed.

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