論文

Copyright © 2017 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers. In this study, an anonymization infrastructure for the secondary use of data is proposed. The proposed infrastructure can publish data that includes privacy information while preserving the privacy by using anonymization techniques. The infrastructure considers a situation where ill-motivated users redistribute the data without authorization. Therefore, we propose a watermarking method for anonymized data to solve this problem. The proposed method is implemented, and the proposed method's tolerance against attacks is evaluated.

The Internet is an unsecured public network accessed by approximately half of the world population. There are several techniques, such as cryptography, end-to-end encryption, and tunneling, used to preserve data security and integrity and to reduce information theft. This is because the security of data transmission over public networks is an ever-questionable issue. However, none of the above techniques are capable of providing the flexibility of changing either the algorithm or its key at the intermediary routers according to the requirements of stakeholders, e.g., ISPs or Internet users. Although the transmitted data are encrypted and unreadable, the metadata contained in the packet headers are readable during traversal. Nonetheless, service-based Internet architectures, e.g., IoT architectures, demand the analysis the data streams at the intermediary routers to provide smart services such as strengthening the security of the data streams. To this end, this paper proposes a method to use service-oriented routers for providing secure data transmission by encrypting data packets including the header and trailer information. A prototype of the proposed method is implemented on the ns-3 simulator, and this paper discusses the implementation notes and evaluation of the test results. The test results demonstrate that there is only an average processing cost of 180.14/191.35, 213.96/257.41, 157.56/170.68, and 235.48/ 249.49~\mu \text{s} for encrypting the total encrypted combined packets/total encrypted separate packets using IDEA, DES, AES-GCM, and AES-CTR encryption algorithms, respectively, with a 256-bit key space. This is significantly lower than the tolerable transmission delay (150 ms) defined by the ITU-T.

Network path selection defines the methodology of selecting the best routes and forwarding traffic in a network service provider (NSP). NSPs use routing protocols that are optimized for a single arbitrary metric (i.e., administrative weight), which is commonly calculated according to the link state information, to select network paths. Despite the advantages, link-state protocols lack the ability to select network paths by considering the states of network devices such as the effect of routers for network path selection. Apparently, studying possible techniques for selecting network paths based on the state information of network devices, e.g., routers, has become obligatory. This paper studies the effectiveness of using network device state information for network path selection by presenting the Extended Server Link Router state Routing Protocol (ESLR). ESLR uses the state information of network devices as parameters to calculate a composite route metric; ESLR selects the network paths based on the cumulative propagation delay. By simulating ESLR using an ISP topology, the proposed protocol is examined for the effectiveness of using network device state information for network path selection.

© 2017 IEEE. The development of smart communities has diversified not only service execution platforms but also the resolvers of multiple service requirements, each of which has different requirements in terms of processing delay, anonymity, computational cost, the amount of data at a given level of granularity, etc. To meet these requirements, an infrastructure that easily performs service migration and provides services with the correct processing nodes using IP-independent distributed processing methods such as Authorized Stream Contents Analysis (ASCA) is becoming a pressing need of smart communities. ASCA is an advanced method of analyzing packet streams and filtering necessary packet streams according to the marker tags in the contents of the streams under the Opt-In manner. Moreover, smart communities require that every service be able to perform ASCA and gather necessary data because of the diversified nature of the services. Consequently, in this paper, we have implemented a service infrastructure using a Docker container that facilitates service migration and provides services with a common Application Programming Interface (API) using ASCA. The API provides a process throughput of over 60 Gbps on a Docker container using Zero-Copy mechanism.

"Internet of Things" connects everything to provide new services. These new services confront severe requirements represented by the fact that systems handle the real world. Moreover, ubiquitous IoT devices generate a tremendous amount of data. This data concentration also makes it difficult to accomplish the requirements. Thus, future computing and communication systems have to face this difficulty. Now, computing and communication evolution is truly desired. This panel session discusses what kinds of computing and communication evolution are desired and expected and how to achieve them.

Bilateral controllers are widely used vital technology to perform remote operations and telesurgeries. The nature of the bilateral controller enables control objects, which are geographically far from the operation location. Therefore, the control data has to travel through public networks. As a result, to maintain the effectiveness and the consistency of applications such as teleoperations and telesurgeries, faster data delivery and data integrity are essential. The Service-oriented Router (SoR) was introduced to maintain the rich information on the Internet and to achieve maximum benefit from networks. In particular, the security, privacy and integrity of bilateral communication are not discoursed in spite of its significance brought by its underlying skill information or personal vital information. An SoR can analyze all packet or network stream transactions on its interfaces and store them in high throughput databases. In this paper, we introduce a hop-by-hop routing protocol which provides hop-by-hop data encryption using functions of the SoR. This infrastructure can provide security, privacy and integrity by using these functions. Furthermore, we present the implementations of proposed system in the ns-3 simulator and the test result shows that in a given scenario, the protocol only takes a processing delay of 46. 32 μs for the encryption and decryption processes per a packet. © 2014 IEEE.

It is a well-known fact that the Internet traffic travels through public networks. These networks lack security and are vulnerable. Encryption and public key cryptography are important technologies that are used to preserve data security and integrity, and to reduce information theft on the public networks. However, the existing routing protocols are incapable of providing secure data transmission on public networks. To this end, our laboratory introduced the Service-oriented Router (SoR) to maintain rich information for the next-generation networks by shifting the current Internet infrastructure to an information-based and an open-innovation platform. An SoR can analyze all packet stream transactions on its interfaces and store them in high throughput databases. Using the features of the SoR, in this paper, we propose a hop-by-hop routing protocol that provides per-hop data encryption. This infrastructure is proposing to preserve both the security and the privacy of data that traverses through public networks. We implemented a prototype of per-hop data encryption protocol on the ns-3 simulator and the results obtained are discussed in this paper. © 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.

In this paper, a practical architecture of physical layer for preventing from a leak of information, named Perfect Classified Channel (PCC), is proposed. PCC is a hardware- based Layer-1 encryption system and it prevents leak of not only packet information but also existence of packet. PCC can be used as high-throughput communication path without using 8B/10B or 64B/66B coding algorithm in order to achieve DC balancing, by using AES circuit fully made of logic gates. PCC establishes Hop-by-Hop classified channel for data transmission between routers, switches, or nodes. This paper confirms the DC balancing ability of PCC and shows the detail of its hardware architecture.

RHiNET is a network which has advantages of both Local Area Networks (LANs) and System Area Networks (SANs). In this paper, preliminary performance evaluation of RHiNET-2 on a small prototype system is described. We use two benchmark applications, IS from the NAS Parallel Benchmarks and LU from the SPLASH-2 Benchmark Suite, on the SCore Cluster System Software. The performance is improved 3.12 times in IS and 3.64 times in LU on a system with four nodes.

RHiNET-2/NI is a network interface for a parallel and distributed computing system with network connected PCs. The core of the network interface is an ASIC network controller chip Martini, which provides low-latency and large-bandwidth communication. Evaluation results show that it achieves almost full bandwidth of the 66MHz/64bit PCI bus, which is much larger than that of Myrinet-2000. The performance of a small prototype parallel system achieves almost linear speed up. © 2003 IEEE.

Acceleration control using a disturbance observer is a strategy of robust motion control. In the acceleration control, fast sampling rate is a key issue to improve the performance of robustness. By using FPGAs, faster sampling rates can be achieved than those using PCs. The sampling rates of the systems using FPGAs can be faster than the frequency of PWM wave. In that case, the performance of the acceleration control is not improved as expected. The frequency of the PWM wave becomes a performance limitation of the system. In this paper, a position control system based on acceleration control using multirate sampling method is implemented into an FPGA to overcome the limitations. In these multirate systems, the sampling rates of the system output and control calculations are faster than that of the system input. Experimental results show that the robustness of the system can be improved, even though the sampling rates of the system output and the control calculations are faster than the PWM frequency by using the multirate sampling method. ©2007 IEEE.

Currently, electricity generation requires both fossil energy resources and the supply of renewable energy. In addition, efficient energy management is necessary. This need became more pronounced in Japan after the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 2011. Since then, Japan's power supply has been limited because of the shutdown of nuclear power plants, and this has led to several problems. To deal with this problem, the effective use of renewable energies such as photovoltaic and wind power is required. Since these energy sources are unstable, batteries need to be introduced in the power grid for power supply leveling. However, the financial burden of introducing batteries on the demand side, such as in houses or buildings, is very high. To solve this problem, the required battery capacity needs to be reduced by controlling the air conditioners used by consumers in order to facilitate the peek-shift effect. In this study, we constructed a real-time simulation using a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system that can control air conditioners through power leveling with batteries. We propose two different cooperative demand control methods for comparison. These methods consider consumer comfort and the state of charge (SoC) of the batteries. The aim of this simulation was to compare three cases: no control, battery control, and control of both the air conditioner and the battery by a cooperative demand control method. This simulation showed that the cooperative control method achieves power consumption reduction and power leveling at the same time, which proves that the proposed method can reduce the battery capacity required for power leveling. © 2012 IEEE.

© 2003 IEEE. The reuse of high-level design intellectual properties is indispensable to reduce SoC design time. It has been difficult for SoC designers to design and compare two or more SoC architectures in a given product design time. In this paper, we present a synthesis methodology of SoC architectures using Virtual Cores (VCores) to perform architectural explorations in a short period. The proposed synthesis methodology generates an initial architecture, which consists of a CPU, buses, I/Os. etc., and makes tradeoffs between hardware and software on mapped software VCores and hardware VCores models. The authors show the usefulness of me proposed method from the results of an architecture level design experiment.

Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) technology has been rigorously developed in recent years, moving towards the ambitious goal of industry 4.0, Network Automation. However, there are a few critical challenges regarding the implementation of a reliable IIoT ecosystem for different applications; security, battery life, and bandwidth are controversial challenges. All the challenges regarding IIoT are mainly struggling within the edge computing smaller box of the big picture in which a cloud is an upstream object while sensors and actuators act as downstream devices. Therefore, having a reliable IIoT ecosystem necessitates focusing on the whole IIoT's challenges in the edge computing smaller box; first realizing the vital, practical demands of a specific IIoT application, and then defining the compatible protocols to form the effective edge computing configuration. This paper reviews four IIoT case study applications with their specific requirements and their counterpart sensor/actuator properties to find the appropriate edge computing protocols satisfying their demands.

In smart communities which refers to communities that leverage the use of technologies to benefit their citizens, it is necessary to ensure data interoperability among services and secure data operations. Particularly, it is necessary to manage the data path of services based on edge computing to consider the level of privacy between regions and at different network layers. FIWARE, a smart city operating system(OS) that has been recently deployed in several cities, provides an application programming interface (API) based on common rules to ensure interoperability and to enable coordination and distribution of services and data. However, the data distribution control component is assumed to be placed in the cloud, and it does not have a distribution management mechanism. In this study, within the architecture of FIWARE, we have built a mechanism that manages data paths on an edge by using tags of dataflows which is associated with the personal information in the packets. Additionally, we implemented a benchmark and measured a processing delay for gathering personal information. In the simulation environment, the processing time delay was 0.05 seconds by using proposed system when the control component is placed in the egde area.

A novel cache-based packet-processing-engine (PPE) architecture that achieves low-power consumption and high packet-processing throughput by exploiting the nature of network traffic is proposed. This architecture consists of a processing-unit array and a bit-stream manipulation path called a burst stream path (BSP) that has a special cache mechanism called a process-learning cache (PLC). Network packets, which have the same information in their header, appear repeatedly over a short time. By exploiting that nature, the PLC memorizes the packet-processing method with all results (i.e., table lookups), and applies it to other packets. The PLC enables most packets to skip the execution at the processing-unit array, which consumes high power. As a practical implementation of the cache-based PPE architecture, P-Gear was designed. In particular, P-Gear was compared with a conventional PPE in terms of silicon die size and power consumption. According to this comparison, in the case of current 0.13-μm CMOS process technology, P-Gear can achieve 100-Gbps (gigabit per second) packet-processing throughput with only 36.5% of the die size and 32.8% of the power consumption required by the conventional PPE. Configurations of both architectures for the 1- to 100-Gbps throughput range were also analyzed. In the throughput range of 10-Gbps or more, P-Gear can achieve the target throughput in a smaller die size than the conventional PPE. And for the whole throughput range, P-Gear can achieve a target throughput at lower power than the conventional PPE. Copyright © 2005 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers.

本論文では,LAN領域で低遅延かつ高信頼な計算環境を実現するRHiNETシステムについて,このシステムで用いるネットワークスイッチRHiNET-3/SWに搭載するスイッチASIC,及びスキュー調整ASICについて述べる.スイッチASICは小さい処理遅延,高い柔軟性,高い信頼性を兼ね備える.また,スキュー調整ASICは,1kmの伝送路で発生するスキューを効率良く調整するため新しい環状スキュー調整符号を用いる.

In this paper, "Martini," a network interface controller chip for our original network called RHiNET is described. Martini is designed to provide high-bandwidth and low-latency communication with small overhead. To obtain high performance communication, protected user-level zero-copy RDMA communication functions are completely implemented by a hardwired logic. Also, to reduce the communication latency efficiently, we have proposed PIO-based communication mechanisms called "On-the-fly (OTF)" and have implemented them on Martini. The evaluation results show that Martini connected to a 64bit/66MHz PCI-bus achieves 470MByte/s maximum bidirectional bandwidth and 1.74 μsec minimum latency on host-to-host memory copying. © 2007 IEEE.

Copyright © 2015 ICST. In network research, network simulators have been shown to be useful for testing and changing network protocols by means of a controlled manner. As an Internet systems simulator, ns-3 simulator provides an ideal simulation environment for network research. However, ns-3 is lack of table-driven IPv4 routing modules. Despite the fact that a routing protocol is a mandatory component of a network, it is necessary to introduce a table-driven routing protocol for the ns-3 which is able to maintain the network connectivity and consistency. To this end, we introduce a distance vector IPv4 wired routing protocol for the ns-3 simulator (DVRP). The proposing protocol is developed as a table-driven wired routing protocol. In this study, we describe the proposing routing protocol, including its design, implementation, behavior on networks, and limitations.

Research of residential EMS (Energy Management System) is mainly being promoted with a focus on energy saving initially. After that, it began to focus strikes the balance between the indoor comforts of the occupants and energy saving. Moreover, the control object is diversified in the home, there is a need for more detailed parameters of individuals to satisfy the comfort of the individual. This paper presents a novel method to estimate behaviours of the resident in a house. Also, it is to provide a comfortable environment at the same time energy saving by using the estimation results. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.