論文

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020. Latent Human Error information is gathered in companies, but there is a problem that it cannot be used well. The problem behind it is lack of knowledge on trouble analysis and insufficient analysis on text data. Therefore, in this research, we propose an information analysis system on latent human error. In the analysis system, the following three important elements are included. The first point is knowledge of Human Factors which is useful for trouble analysis. The second point is natural language processing technology which processes text information on trouble. The third point is statistics and DeepLearning technology using processed text information. Based on these factors, we aim to build an analysis support system that can be used by people who are not familiar with trouble analysis at the company site.

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020. Enterprises engaged in public services have tolerable risk the rage is limited narrow, so they need to engage in safety management activity as a whole organization and to upgrade safety culture. They are required to try to new activities for upgrading safety culture not being satisfied with the present safety management activity. As new activities, they begin considering introducing a new technology into safety management activity focusing on “technology” that is one of the three major elements keeping security. In this study we organize the policy of exit strategy aimed at introducing new technology to safety management activities in public service.

& #x00A9; 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. When introducing new technology, operators need to reduce the risk to an acceptable level for society while careful not to lose the merit of new technology to create innovation. The site tends to rely on fail-safe and foolproof, it is possible to deal with the event that happened once, but it cannot respond to unexpected events. Therefore, it is important to conduct preventive measures to improve safety even on human resources base.

加圧水型原子力発電所において、吸水ラインを常用系から待機系に切り替える際の人間の制御特性をモデル化した

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020. The PDCA cycle proposed to prevention activities of medical accidents. We will propose suitable manager to operate this PDCA cycle. They are not only support for planning measures but also on the qualities items of the site leader which is the center of improvement of the workforce in various industries, safety personnel in various industries. We will report on the contents of consideration based on the survey of education, tasks and so on.

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019. Today, due to the development of medical technology and the efforts of medical staff, safety at hospital is increasing. On the other hand, Japan’s declining birthrate and an aging population will impede the improvement of the quality of medical services in the future. Therefore, it is desirable to introduce technology to replace people. In this research, we focus on patient falling and improve ways to assess risk of patients as a first step.

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019. In corporate safety activities, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the number of incident reports, but also to the quality of information of incident report. In this research, based on the experiment, we have created the evaluation axis of the information quality in the incident report. The evaluation axis is the measurement axis relating to the information amount and the measurement axis relating to the breadth of the information viewpoint. When applied to incident report collected by enterprise, relevance was observed between application result and safety activity or safety activity consciousness survey result and validity of evaluation axis was shown.

In medical facilities and general hospitals, a variety of information regarding incidents in patient care is collected and analysed. However, due to the large differences in knowledge and experience of on-site risk managers, previous studies have shown several problems with the data collected. Underlying these problems is the analyst's limited knowledge of human factors, IT, and management. However, it is very difficult to give more time and cost for safety training to on-site risk managers. Therefore, in this study, we decided to organize the results of past research on human error factor analysis from the perspective of on-site management. As a result, we were able to obtain a set of elements [elements for activation of on-site activities] for improving the ability of on-site risk managers to recognize, the willingness of on-site risk managers to participate in medical safety activities, and the management level of on-site risk managers. Based on the "Elements for Activation of On-Site Activities", we developed a prototype of an incident reporting support system.

An important part of considering countermeasures for disasters in industrial plants is to conduct an accurate risk assessment. In general, we assess risk based on two indicators: the harm severity and the probability. We first select candidate countermeasures based on the harm severity. Next, the specifications of countermeasures such as the scope of application, expected lifetime and cost are determined, taking into account of the probability. As a result, we introduce appropriate countermeasures in the field that can control risks within acceptable limits.Various countermeasures for disasters caused by human error are considered similarly and introduced in the field. It is necessary to analyze the factors related to human error, which are called performance shaping factors, in order to evaluate the human error probability. For this purpose, workers with appropriate knowledge and ability of human factors must be assigned to the risk assessment team. However, it is difficult for many industrial plants to secure the required number of workers who can accurately analyze and evaluate the effects of human factors. At the accident level, it is possible to invite human factor experts to the analysis team because the budget for the analysis is large. On the other hand, the budget for an incident analysis is limited because of the large number of incidents. The purpose of this study is to support the enhancement of incident-level disaster risk assessment. We examine the assessment method of the human error probability that can be conducted by those with limited knowledge of human factors.We attempted to evaluate on a scale of six (5: Certain, 4: Likely, 3: Possible, 2: Unlikely, 1: Rare, and 0: Eliminated), which are commonly used in risk assessments, rather than to calculate detailed values such as the human error probability.First, we organized and classified factors related to the occurrence of human error by text mining of disaster incident cases over the past 20 years. Second, we referred to a number of past studies on performance shaping factors and constructed [the database of factors influencing on human error risk]. Finally, we developed a system to evaluate the human error probability by extracting keywords and sentences from incident reports of industrial plants and matching them with [the database of factors influencing on human error risk]. The system consists of the following functions.(1)Extract keywords w_i and sentence data S_j=(w_1,w_2,…,w_k) that keywords are concatenated from an incident report.(2)Check S_j against [the database of factors influencing on human error risk] to estimate the influence on the human error probability. The estimated impact for S_j is x_i.(3)Comprehensively evaluated x_i. This overall impact evaluation value is denoted as Y.(4)Indicate the human error probability by a 6-level value based on Y.(5)Adapt the estimated human error probability and the harm severity entered separately to a commonly used risk matrix.We proposed a method that can be adapted to the risk matrix used in general disaster risk assessment. This method was validated by several safety administrator in an industrial plant and its validity and feasibility were confirmed. However, it is a problem for practical application to link with the incident report design because it is sometimes difficult to adapt to this method depending on the incident report design. Keywords: Human Reliability, Risk Assessment, Accident Report Analysis

Its known that 95 % of occupational accidents are caused by unsafe human behavior. Therefore, in order to prevent occupational accidents, various human resource education is implemented in each company, but due to the rut that accompanies continuation, many of them are only aimed at preventing serious accidents in steady state. Furthermore, since it takes time and manpower to conduct education, there is also a problem that these educational methods are not effectively utilized in the field. For example, in recent years, a method of supporting risk prediction using VR in high-place work has been considered, but it costs a lot of money to introduce it, and people who have little experience in the first place have the problem that it feels like a game. Merely continuing such a stereotyped education will not improve learning through experience, and it will be difficult to develop outstanding human resources with awareness. Furthermore, for those who have little experience in the field, even if they acquire knowledge through classroom lectures and group work, it is difficult to use it in the field and predict danger. Developing experienced and excellent human resources who can notice on-site is an urgent issue for the future of the company. Therefore, in this research, by investigating various conventional educational methods and sorting out their strengths and weaknesses, we will clarify the reasons why these educational methods are not being used in the field, improve the weaknesses, and improve the actual field. We propose a failure event virtual experience-based l learning method that replaces the field experience.In this study, we decided to measure the effect of the proposed learning method from the degree of awareness in the accident prevention activities carried out in Japanese companies. The reason for this is that in order to further improve the effectiveness of current safety education, it is most practical to measure awareness during activities that are actually carried out in the field, and it is not possible to measure with paper tests or questionnaires. Therefore, based on the characteristics of on-site workers, we decided to examine methods to improve their awareness and willingness to participate in safety activities. Furthermore, we decided to conduct an analysis based on an evaluation experiment to see if the subject's awareness improved by receiving the proposed educational method prior to the safety activities.

To improve the quality of safety activities, many companies are aiming to increase employees' understanding of safety activities and motivate them to participate in them. The main method to measure the willingness to participate is through questionnaires, but it takes time and effort. Therefore, we focused on information on "Awareness" events reported by on-site employees in daily work report. We call this information "Information on Preparing for the Unexpected”. The purpose of this study was to develop a method to evaluate employees' understanding of and willingness to participate in safety activities using "Information on Preparing for the Unexpected”. Through experiments, trouble-related data were collected at several workplaces, and text mining was conducted. We worked on the construction and validation of the system.