論文

© 2019 The Japan Institute of Heterocyclic Chemistry. Construction of the unique bridged bicyclic skeleton, 7-oxabicyclo[4.2.1]nonane-8,9-dione, of perforatumone was achieved. Key steps included a Dieckmann-type condensation, a Claisen rearrangement, and an intramolecular Michael reaction.

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Cytosporolide (Cytos) A–C, isolated from the fungus Cytospora sp., have anti-microbial activity, but their molecular targets in mammalian cells are unknown. We have previously reported the total synthesis of Cytos A by biomimetic hetero-Diels-Alder reaction. In this study, to examine the novel bioactivity of Cytos, we synthesized Cytos C and measured cell growth-inhibiting activities of 7 compounds, including Cytos A and C, in several human cancer cell lines. Among these compounds, Cytos C and tetradeoxycytosporolide A (TD-Cytos A), a model compound for the synthesis of Cytos A, had anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells, and TD-Cytos A exhibited stronger activity than Cytos C. In vitro topoisomerase-mediated DNA relaxing experiments showed that TD-Cytos A inhibited the activities of topoisomerase I and II, whereas Cytos C targeted only topoisomerase I. These data suggest that the anti-proliferative activities of Cytos correlate with the inhibition of topoisomerases and implicated TD-Cytos A as a novel anti-cancer drug that suppresses the activities of topoisomerase I and II.

© 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim The short, efficient total synthesis of (+)-aquatolide was achieved by a biomimetic transannular [2+2] photocycloaddition, and provides the first example of constructing a 5/5/4/8-ring system from asteriscunolides. Furthermore, the reaction leading to a 5/4/4/7-ring system, the originally proposed structure of aquatolide, was also developed. This strategy achieved syntheses of five more humulanolides, (−)-asteriscunolides A, C, D, and I, and (+)-tetradehydroasteriscanolide.

© 2018 American Chemical Society. The enantioselective total synthesis of an unusual pentacyclic proaporphine alkaloid, (-)-misramine, was achieved. The synthetic strategy relied on an enantioselective intramolecular Friedel-Crafts-type 1,4-addition using an asymmetric organocatalyst to construct a spiroindane skeleton containing an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter and a double reductive amination of the keto-aldehyde to form a piperidine ring toward the end of the synthesis. This work is the first example of asymmetric synthesis of a proaporphine alkaloid.

Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society. Clavilactones A, B, and D are epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors that were isolated from cultures of the fungus Clitocybe clavipes. Here, we report full details of the total synthesis of these clavilactones. A key feature of our synthetic approach is a ring-opening/ring-closing metathesis strategy that allows the concise transformation of a cyclobutenecarboxylate into a γ-butenolide. Coupled with enantioselective Ti/BINOL-catalyzed alkynylation of a multisubstituted benzaldehyde and ring-closing metathesis of a diene-bearing silylene acetal to construct the 10-membered carbocycle, this strategy enabled the total synthesis of the natural enantiomers (+)-clavilactone A and (-)-clavilactone B. In addition, the correct structure of clavilactone D was determined by the synthesis of two newly proposed structures. This research resulted in the asymmetric synthesis of the revised (+)-clavilactone D.