論文

バックステップ流れに周期的な外乱を加えると特定の周波数において再付着距離が著しく減少する原因が乱流せん断応力の増加と関係があることを詳細な計測により確認した。

This study aimed to measure pressure-related turbulence statistics such as the velocity-pressure or the pressure-strain correlations. To do so, the pressure field evaluation based on the velocity data measured by particle image velocimetry (PIV) was combined with direct single-point-measurement by miniature static pressure probes (SP-probe). The instantaneous pressure field was derived from the measurement results by PIV, and the pressure fluctuations associated with the large-scale vortex motion were extracted using the instantaneous pressure directly measured by the SP-probe as a reference signal. The measurement was taken in a turbulent near wake of a circular cylinder. After the validity of the instantaneous pressure evaluated from the PIV data was addressed, the velocity-pressure correlation and the pressure-strain correlation were investigated. © 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Qualitative and quantitative flow visualizations were performed on a flapping rigid plate to establish a quantitative method for flow observation and evaluation of the force in the near field of a flapping wing. Flow visualization was performed qualitatively with dye visualization and quantitatively with velocity measurements using stereo particle image velocimetry (PIV) on three planes near the tip of the plate along its chord and oriented normally. By ensemble averaging the velocity fields of the same phase angles, they represent a portion of the volume near the tip. Measurements were conducted with two flapping frequencies to compare the flow structure. The second invariant of the deformation tensor visualized the leading edge and mid-chord vortices around the plate appearing due to flow separation behind the plate while other vortical structures were visualized by streamlines. These structures appear to be related to the dynamics of the leading edge vortex. Force analysis by integrating the phase-averaged velocity field within a chosen control volume showed increases in the maxima of the magnitudes of the non-dimensional unsteady force terms on the edge of the plate at the angles after the end of each stroke. The nondimensional phase-averaged momentum flux was similar for both flapping frequencies. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.