総説・解説等

人工知能に関して第一線で活躍している4人をパネリストに招いて，トークセッションを開催した。セッションのテーマは「AIとは何か」「AIによって人間の仕事はどう変化するのか」「これから身に付けたい能力」「若者への提言」などである。パネリストの発言はAIの真実やAIの現状を知り，AIとの付き合い方を考える大きな手がかりとなる。

In this article, the layout of the Tables 1 (b), 3, 4 and 5 have been modified for comprehensibility. For completeness and transparency, the correct and old incorrect versions are displayed below. Tables (Table presented.) (Table presented.) (Table presented.) (Table presented.) JHPS questions for well-being variables (a) Kessler psychological distress scale (K6) for mental health index Q. The following questions ask about how you have been feeling during the past 30 days. For each question, please circle the number that best describes how often you had this feeling During the past 30 days, about how often did you feel … All of the time Most of the time Some of the time A little of the time None of the time a. …nervous? 1 2 3 4 5 b. …hopeless? 1 2 3 4 5 c. …restless or fidgety? 1 2 3 4 5 d. …so depressed that nothing could cheer you up? 1 2 3 4 5 e. …that everything was an effort? 1 2 3 4 5 f. …worthless? 1 2 3 4 5 (b) Satisfaction scores Q. Please provide answers as to how you feel about the present situation regarding the following, on a scale of 1 to 10, with 0 “not at all satisfied,” 5 is “neither satisfied nor dissatisfied,” and 10 is “fully satisfied” (circle one) Dissatisfied ⇐ ⟹ Satisfied Life overall 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Your health 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Your job 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1) The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) is referred to from Kessler et al. (2002) 2) To calculate the K6 score, we first reverse the scores of each item so that a score of 1 becomes 4 and a score of 5 becomes 0, and then sum the scores for each of the six items to generate total score from 0 to 24. Higher scores indicate greater psychological distress Source: The JHPS questionnaire Changes in household disposable income by income group before and during the pandemic (a) Working population (monthly income) I II III IV V 2019–2020 Current income − 1.40 − 7.10 − 7.78 10.66 10.71 Non-current income 9.71 11.79 16.41 19.66 24.45 Nonconsumption expenditures − 0.27 1.08 − 1.23 5.89 6.58 Disposable income 8.58 3.62 9.86 24.43 28.58 2020–2021 Current income − 9.68 8.85 13.68 − 6.68 19.71 Non-current income − 6.85 − 9.06 − 14.71 − 14.71 − 17.47 Nonconsumption expenditures − 2.59 − 2.00 − 0.92 − 4.20 2.63 Disposable income − 13.93 1.18 − 0.11 − 17.20 − 0.39 2021–2022 Current income 22.36 9.75 − 2.13 20.66 15.34 Non-current income 0.27 − 0.84 0.10 − 2.07 − 0.42 Nonconsumption expenditures 4.33 3.47 1.58 5.50 3.26 Disposable income 18.30 5.45 − 3.61 13.09 11.66 (b) Total population (annual income) I II III IV V 2019–2020 Current income − 18.5 − 159.7 − 11.1 107.6 − 271.2 Non-current income 95.1 127.1 147.5 137.3 168.3 Totalized household income 83.1 − 36.1 141.8 244.2 − 106.5 2020–2021 Current income − 98.7 167.8 − 19.9 − 130.7 − 237.0 Non-current income − 66.2 − 70.5 − 105.4 − 99.4 − 68.0 Totalized household income − 172.0 92.9 − 111.9 − 228.0 − 298.8 1) The definition of income in Table 3(a) is averaged monthly household income, and the data source is Family income and expenditure 2) The definition of income in Table 3(b) is household annual gross income, and the data source is the JHPS 3) Current income in Table 3(a) is regular or replicable income that significantly affects households’ consumption behavior such as earning, business income, asset income, and regularly receiving social security benefit. Non-current income is irregular income such as donation and includes the Special Cash Payment 4) Current income in Table 3(b) includes earning, business income, asset income, interest, remittances, pension, and other regularly received social security benefits.