論文

This paper investigates the local community as a unit in which people form cooperative relationships in their daily lives. In this case study, five isekohs located in Megawa, Ritto City, Shiga Prefecture, are investigated. The paper uses 122 years of account books for these isekohs, from 1893 to 2015 as data. Generally, isekohs are groups of people of faith who self-organize on a voluntary basis. In the subject area, the isekohs were integrated with the community, managing property held in common and organizing other functional groups. Over time, its community character gradually shifted to that of a neighborhood organization. The three-tier structure of an isekoh, characterizing it as a community, a fundamental association, and a specific-purpose association in the case of this report is seen to have shifted from the subregional level within the village to the village level. However, in some areas, the three-tier structure itself is overlaid with multiple layers, and such differences in structure represent regional characteristics. To identify these differences, a comparative study of materials from continuously adjacent micro community units that incorporates them in a mutually complementary manner, which is adopted in this study, is useful.

本稿は、小地名が「政治的な」分析の対象となりうるかを検討したものである。そのために、いずれも明治期の史料である、滋賀県立公文書館所蔵の公的調査結果と、栗東歴史民俗博物館所蔵の地籍図を用いて小字データベースとGISデータを作成して分析を行った。その結果、命名に関する地域特性が先行研究との比較から明らかになった。また、一大字一集落の原則や、命名規則における集落部と非集落部の差異が明らかになった。以上から、適切なデータの整備を行えば小地名もまた「政治的な」分析の対象となりうると結論付けた。