論文

マイクロフィルムは媒体変換や省スペースの資料収集手段として活用されてきた。低温低湿の適切な保存環境であれば500年以上の寿命が期待されることから，1970年代以降は，長期保存の主たる媒体とみなされてきた。しかし，TACベースのフィルムではビネガーシンドロームという劣化が生じることが知られるようになる。1990年代になるとデジタル化による長期保存への転換が議論されるようになった。本稿では，マイクロフィルムの特徴，所蔵や利用の現状，劣化と保存の状況，新聞のマイクロフィルム化の意義と利用，デジタル資源のバックアップとしてのデジタル時代における位置付けについて概説する。

Although the number of Japanese manga readers is growing outside Japan, it remains challenging to understand how manga is accepted in specific countries and regions. Recently, library metadata has become easier to convert, enabling collection research that transcends language and cataloging differences, allowing partial insights into how manga is received in specific regions. However, few studies have used metadata to examine cultural acceptance in particular areas. In this study, we used library metadata to explore the collection trends of Japanese manga in Dutch libraries, where metadata is well developed. Using the Virtual International Authority File database, we identified Japanese manga authors and then the authors included in the NTA, the National Library of the Netherlands’ authority database. We then analyzed bibliographic data from the Dutch National Central Catalog, finding 373 Japanese manga authors, 18,990 items (including duplicates), and 2,886 unique items. These findings suggest that the number of Japanese manga in Dutch libraries is limited, reflecting low acceptance in Dutch society. The collection mainly comprises well-known shonen manga with little variety in terms of content. While the use of library metadata in collection research shows promise, inconsistencies in terminology and bibliographic descriptions across libraries pose challenges in genre-specific research.

The extent to which translated Japanese manga are held in public libraries worldwide can serve as an indicator of their international reception. This study utilized a list of translated Japanese manga compiled during our previous surveys to investigate the availability of these works in public libraries across the United Kingdom.

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© 2019 IEEE. We propose a method for a comprehensive listing of comics and manga authors by combining a VIAF dataset, which internationally shares authority information created in each country, and a national bibliography. Specifically, it combines the dataset based on the descriptions of VIAF and the set of comics and manga authors extracted from comic titles in the Japanese national bibliography. The proposed method revealed that there are Japanese comics and manga authors who are not recognized as such in the Japanese national bibliography and that comics written by many Japanese comics authors are distributed only in Japan.

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With hand press books, there can be variants within the same setting, as a result of corrections made while the print run is in progress. These "stop-press variants" provide important clues to reconstruct the process of book production and discover practices unique to certain printing houses. Without collation, stop-press variants are very di$cult to detect because they can be rather subtle.

This study compares the physical characteristics of the Gutenberg Bible (B42), the first substantial book printed in Europe using movable metal type, to selected manuscript Vulgate Bibles of the fifteenth century that can be found in several library collections in London. The manuscripts originated in German-speaking countries and represent those that might have served as a model for B42. A comparison is made in order to determine to what extent B42 followed or tried to follow the manuscript tradition, what new features it introduced, and what purpose the new features served. The study focuses on the physical appearance of the book, such as the size, format, general page layout, and script/typeface including the use of punctuation, as well as the arrangement of prefaces and books of the Bible.Close examination reveals that the Gutenberg Bible modelled its physical characteristics on the large contemporary manuscripts made for and used in religious houses, although a smaller format was likely used for the exemplar(s) of B42. It was found that B42 followed the manuscript tradition closely in terms of physical appearance, although it did not make use of red ink for headings and initials. However, B42 did not merely imitate the manuscript style. It aimed at an idealized manuscript. With its strict setting rules, B42 succeeded in introducing a more standardized page layout, despite its complex concurrent printing and composition, to an extent that manuscripts could never achieve. At the same time, it created a new tradition for the printed Vulgate.