Published papers

Older adults hope to promote good health and extend their longevity, which will contribute to a better-aging society. The 32nd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Health Education and Promotion held a symposium titled “Sustainability of Community-based Practical Research toward Extending Healthy Life Expectancy.” The aim of this symposium was to introduce several studies conducted in community-based practical settings to examine efforts for promoting health and extending longevity among older adults. After a brief introduction by the chairperson, three speakers (Dr. Uemura, Dr. Saito, and Dr. Harada) presented their own researches. Dr. Uemura proposed that health education through active learning (e.g., in-class group work, out-of-class homework and practice) could promote health behavior change and prevent frailty among older adults. Dr. Saito presented a multi-strategic community-wide intervention (e.g., distributing information, providing educational lectures and classes, supporting exercise communities) implemented in collaborations with a local municipal office, university, and local healthcare foundation that could elevate physical activity levels among adults of all ages, including older adults, in a community. Dr. Harada showed that a university-led event-based community program could increase neighborhood social networks; further, an increase in social networks could have a desirable influence on mental well-being among older adults. As the designated speaker, Dr. Oguma referred to the importance of a systems approach for the sustainability of community-based practical research.

慶應義塾大学体育会に所属する女子部員を対象に、月経および月経随伴症状(PMS)等の実態やセルフケア等についてWebを用いての質問紙調査を実施した。調査期間は2022年11月から12月であった。121名(平均年齢19.9±1.1歳、平均身長160.8±5.3cm、平均体重53.1±5.7kg)から回答を得た。月経周期が25～38日の正常な対象者は98名、24日以下あるいは39日以上の月経周期異常の学生は19名、3ヵ月以上月経がない、いわゆる無月経と回答した学生は3名であった。月経の程度について、勉強・運動・仕事に支障があるかについて「支障はない」36名、「少し支障がある」54名、「横になって休憩する必要がある」20名、「1日以上寝込む」1名、「月経痛がまったくない」10名、との回答であった。62%の対象者が月経前の症状により競技パフォーマンスに障害を感じていると回答した。女子部員の約7割はPMS/PMDDに対策を全くしていないことが示された。

Background: While physical activity (PA) can reduce physical frailty, the specific intensity and duration of PA required to prevent frailty are yet to be defined. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between objectively measured PA or sedentary behavior (SB) and physical frailty and to explore the theoretical effect of replacing SB with different intensities of PA on the risk of frailty. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Community-based assessments. Participants: Independently living adults aged 85–89 years participating in the Kawasaki Aging and Wellbeing Project. Measurements: PA was measured using a triaxial accelerometer for a minimum of 10 h per day over a minimum of 3 days. Physical frailty was measured using the revised Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Physical frailty was classified as non-frail, pre-frail, and frail. The relationship between PA and frailty was assessed using analysis of covariance. The effect of replacing SB with light-intensity PA (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) on the risk of frailty was estimated using multinomial logistic regression and an isotemporal substitution model. Results: The analysis included 1004 participants (503 men and 501 women) of whom 242 were classified as frail. The mean step count, MVPA, and LPA were lower, and SB was higher in the frail group than in the non-frail group. SB replacement with MVPA for 10 min/day was associated with a significantly lower odds of frailty (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: pre-frail men, 0.86 [0.77, 0.96]; frail men, 0.70 [0.60, 0.83]; pre-frail women, 0.77 [0.66, 0.90], frail women, 0.59 [0.47, 0.75]). SB replacement with LPA was not significantly associated with frailty odds in men or women. Conclusions: Replacing 10 min of SB with MVPA was associated with lower risk of frailty in adults aged 85–89 years. These findings require confirmation in longitudinal and intervention studies.

Objective: In 2009, “Must Read Papers 20 in Physical Activity and Exercise Epidemiology” was published in the journal, Research in Exercise Epidemiology. In the past decade, physical activity measurement, design, and analytical methods have been developed in the field of physical activity and exercise epidemiology; thus, research topics have evolved. Consequently, we selected “Must Read Papers 20 in Physical Activity and Exercise Epidemiology” among papers published after 2009 to provide useful information to researchers involved in this field.Methods: This study was conducted as a research project approved by the Japanese Association of Exercise Epidemiology (JAEE) and titled as “Must Read Papers 20 in Physical Activity and Exercise Epidemiology 2nd edition”. First, we extracted candidate papers that were recommended by JAEE members and the current project team. Next, the project team members prespecified the selection criteria and finally selected 20 papers through discussion.Results: We identified 39 candidate papers and selected 20 of them. Guidelines were excluded and the selected 20 papers included 12 observation studies, 5 intervention studies, 2 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and 1 quasi-experimental study. Of them, 6 papers were from Japan.Conclusion: We selected “Must Read Papers 20 in Physical Activity and Exercise Epidemiology: 2009–2018.”Methodologies and research themes in this field will continue to evolve in future; therefore, it is desirable to select and introduce important papers periodically.

目的:栄区セーフコミュニティの活動の一環として実施されたアンケート調査から,栄区民が自主的に実施している運動・スポーツ中における有害事象(事故・けが)の現状と傾向を捉えることを目的とした。方法:2017年に栄区が自主的に運動・スポーツを実施している者を対象に実施した「スポーツ活動時に発生した事故・けがに関するアンケート(選択式・自由記述)」から得られたデータを量的・質的に解析を行った混合研究である。回答が得られた518件のうち,解析が可能であった473件を解析対象として実施した。結果:過去5年間の活動で有害事象があったのは94件(20%)であった。サッカー,バドミントン,バレーボールの順に報告数が多く,下肢の捻挫・靱帯損傷(26件),下肢の筋・腱損傷(20件),頭部・顔面の打撲(7件)が多く発生していた。自由記述の結果からアキレス腱断裂,膝関節前十字靱帯損傷,頭蓋骨骨折,大腿骨骨折,脳出血が発生していた。年代別では,40～50代の筋・腱損傷(16件),60～70代の転倒(11件)が特徴的であった。結論:地域住民が自主的に実施している運動・スポーツ中において、足関節捻挫などの下肢の傷害や高齢者の転倒といった有害事象が発生していることが明らかとなった。これらに対する予防策,対策を講じる必要性が示唆された。(著者抄録)

目的:断熱改修が冬季の住宅内の座位行動と身体活動に及ぼす影響を検討した。方法:断熱改修に意欲的な成人を募集し,冬季2週間のベースライン調査(改修前)と,その1～4年後の同時期に追跡調査(改修後)を行った。住宅内の座位時間と低強度以上の身体活動量(light-to-vigorous physical activity;LVPA)は,加速度計と外出記録から評価した。断熱改修を行った介入群と断念した対照群に対象者を分け,住宅内の座位時間とLVPAの変化との関連を線形混合モデルで検討した。また,脱衣所室温変化量[低下(-1℃未満),変化なし(-1℃以上+1℃未満),上昇小(+1℃以上+5℃未満),上昇大(+5℃以上)]を説明変数に加えた解析も実施した。結果:1,751名(介入群1,640名,対照群111名)を解析対象とした。脱衣所室温は介入群で有意に上昇したが,群間で調査期間のずれが生じたことなどにより,対照群の室温も外気温の上昇に伴い上昇していた。多変量解析の結果,断熱改修と住宅内の座位時間・LVPAの変化に有意な関連は認められなかった。ただし,脱衣所室温変化量は有意に関連していた。室温が変化しなかった場合に比べて,5℃以上改善した場合は,座位時間が減少し,LVPAは増加したが,室温が低下した場合には,座位時間が増加し,LVPAは減少した。結論:断熱改修は住宅内の座位時間とLVPAの変化に関連していなかった。ただし,脱衣所等の室温改善は,住宅内の座位行動を抑制し,LVPAを増加させる可能性が示唆された。今後も検証が必要である。(著者抄録)