Keio University

Fumihiro Yamasawa: Awarded the IAAF Plaque of Merit for Contributions to Sports Medicine

Participant Profile

  • Fumihiro Yamasawa

    Other : Director, Japan Association of Athletics FederationsOther : Chairman of the Medical CommitteeSchool of Medicine GraduatedGraduate School of Medicine Graduated

    Keio University alumni (1981 School of Medicine, 1986 PhD in medical sciences). Physician (Respiratory Medicine). Director of Marubeni Tokyo Head Office Clinic (Industrial Physician). Member of the IAAF Health & Science Commission.

    Fumihiro Yamasawa

    Other : Director, Japan Association of Athletics FederationsOther : Chairman of the Medical CommitteeSchool of Medicine GraduatedGraduate School of Medicine Graduated

    Keio University alumni (1981 School of Medicine, 1986 PhD in medical sciences). Physician (Respiratory Medicine). Director of Marubeni Tokyo Head Office Clinic (Industrial Physician). Member of the IAAF Health & Science Commission.

  • Interviewer: Hiroyuki Ishida

    Research Centers and Institutes Associate Professor, Sports Medicine Research Center

    Interviewer: Hiroyuki Ishida

    Research Centers and Institutes Associate Professor, Sports Medicine Research Center

2018/05/01

Receiving the Plaque of Merit

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——Dr. Yamasawa, congratulations on receiving the wonderful Plaque of Merit from the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF).

Yamasawa

Thank you very much. The last Japanese person to receive this before me was Mr. Masakatsu Yasuda, who served as the President of the Asian Athletics Association, back in 1995. I am the second person, and I consider it a great honor.

——Is that so? I believe your personality, steady activities, and very honest and sincere attitude were highly evaluated.

Yamasawa

I think my activities in the Asian Athletics Association, the IAAF, and the Japan Association of Athletics Federations regarding medical affairs and anti-doping were recognized.

I have been the Chairman of the Medical Committee of the Japan Association of Athletics Federations since 1997, a member of the Medical Committee of the Asian Athletics Association since 2001, and I am currently the Acting Chairman of the Medical Committee of the Asian Athletics Association. I have also been a member of the IAAF committee since 2004, and I am now the longest-serving member. Amidst the global trend of using sports not just for top athletes but for health in general, the committee is now named the "Health and Science Commission."

——そうだったんですか。山澤さんのお人柄や地道な活動、非常に実直で真摯な姿勢が評価されたのではないかと思っています。

山澤

医事とアンチ・ドーピングに関してアジア陸連と国際陸連、そして日本陸連での活動が認められたのかなと思います。

日本陸連医事委員長は1997年から、アジア陸連の医事委員は2001年からやっていて、いまアジア陸連の医事委員会委員長代行になっています。国際陸連の委員も2004年からで、いま一番古株になりました。トップアスリートだけではなく、スポーツそのものを広く健康のために使っていくことが世界的な流れの中、現在は「ヘルス・アンド・サイエンスコミッション」という名前になっています。

「デレゲイト」という仕事

——Athletics is on such a massive scale with so many participants and staff that I can't even imagine the scale of the medical operations you manage. Especially in Asia, not everyone necessarily understands the so-called international standards. You have to build the systems within that environment, don't you?

Yamasawa

That is an important point. The IAAF has a guidebook called the "Competition Medical Guidelines," and I compiled the system that specifies what facilities should be prepared and how many people should be employed for competitions of this level. In any case, we must talk after establishing proper international standards. However, even if it is written there, it is not always followed when you actually go to the site. Especially in Asia, I also check if the system for accepting patients at back-up hospitals is solid.

I give presentations to competition officials as a representative of the IAAF, and as various people get to know me, I gradually become part of the "family." The IAAF and the Asian Athletics Association then start asking me to be a delegate for various competitions. At first, I didn't understand what the term "IAAF Family" meant. However, I gradually came to understand that "Ah, this is what oversees and moves athletics as a whole."

In the current IAAF Health and Science Commission, five out of nine members are European, and it is a system where Europe decides everything. However, I have been a member for 14 years now, my connections have expanded, and I now get along well with the IAAF staff without feeling any sense of displacement.

——That is amazing.

Yamasawa

I first appeared as a medical doctor at the 1991 World Athletics Championships in Tokyo. Then, at the 2007 Osaka World Athletics Championships, I prepared as the chairman of the medical and anti-doping committee on the competition side.

When preparing, communication with the IAAF staff becomes very frequent, so relationships with those people continue after that. If they feel that "asking him will get us answers," it creates a very good relationship when organizing competitions in Japan as well.

It is important not only to go abroad but also to manage competitions in one's own country. I believe Tokyo 2020 is a great opportunity for medical professionals in the Japanese sports world to build networks around the world.

——それはすごいことですね。

山澤

1991年の東京での世界陸上に私はメディカルドクターとして初めて出ました。そして、2007年の大阪世界陸上ではメディカルとアンチ・ドーピングの大会側の委員長として、準備をしました。

準備をする際には国際陸連の事務局員とのやりとりが非常に頻繁になりますので、その方々とそれ以降も関係が続きます。「あいつに聞けば何か分かる」という感覚になっていくと、日本でも大会をオーガナイズする際に非常にいい関係が持てます。

海外に行くだけではなく、自国で大会運営をやっていくことが重要です。東京2020も日本のスポーツ界のメディカルの人たちが、世界中にネットワークをつくるいいチャンスだと思っています。

東京マラソンでの医事運営

——そういった大会運営のご経験が、東京マラソンの山澤さんの医事運営にも生かされていますよね。東京マラソンはいま36000人くらい参加する巨大なマラソン大会ですね。

山澤

第1回から12回連続で東京マラソン医療救護委員長を務めています。東京マラソンは2007年から始まり、当時の石原都知事がはじめから3万人のマラソン大会をやるとおっしゃった。もちろんそんな大会の医務活動の経験は誰にもないわけです。私自身の経験も東京国際女子マラソンで、これが一般市民も入れて3000人規模。世界的に見ても、3万人規模の大会はまだ少なかった。例えばニューヨークやボストンは、はじめは何百人からスタートし、いろいろな準備を整えて最終的に3万〜3万5000人になっている。しかし、はじめから3万人というのはない(笑)。——医学的には、2万、3万の人間がいっせいに走り出せば必ず心肺停止が起きるという前提での準備が必要となる。そのようななか、東京マラソンを世界で一番安全なマラソン競技会にするということを、山澤さんは当初から掲げられてきました。山澤ですから、非常に悩みました。レースで心肺停止が起きることを確率的にゼロにはできない。しかし、心肺停止を起こした人を助けて死亡をゼロにすることはできる。そういうコンセプトで世界一安全なマラソン大会にしようとしました。そのためAED隊というものを2つつくりました。1つはBLS隊として1キロごとにAEDを1台置く。もう1つはモバイル隊といって、自転車2人組でAEDを背負いながらコースを走ってもらう。また、救護所を5キロごとに置き、20キロ以降は2キロごとに設置しました。——非常に細かに配置された。山澤あともう1つ、ランドクターといって、ドクターを実際にその中に走らせたのです。そして、体調が悪い人に声をかけながら、何かあったらすぐ心肺蘇生をしていただく。これまで11名の方が心肺停止を起こしたのですが、全員社会復帰しています。誰も亡くなっていないし、1人も後遺症を残していない。これは世界的にも素晴らしいことです。——本当にそうですね。山澤日本国内で2004年からAEDが一般的に使えるようになり、AEDを使える人も増えてきたことも大きいと思います。日本陸連医事委員会と日本体力医学会とでマラソンを始めるにあたっての10カ条をつくり、10番目を「マラソンをやるなら、自分でAEDを使えるようにしなさい」としたんです。いわゆる「バイスタンダーCPR」といって、目の前で人が倒れたら、すぐ心肺蘇生術をやって助けられないとダメということです。そうするとマラソン大会での救命率が高くなるのは当然ですが、社会の中にAEDを使って心肺蘇生ができる人が増え、日本中で救命率が上がる。——素晴らしいですね。「エマージェンシーアクションプラン」、つまり起きたときにどうするかというプランがあるということですね。山澤また、東京マラソンで一番学んだ点は、集団災害に関しての知見を得られたことです。これを「マスカジュアリティー」と言いますが、3万6000人が走っていると、1000人以上が救護所を受診する。短時間のうちに1000人も救護所を受診することは普通はない。ですから、東京マラソン自体がマスカジュアリティーの貴重な経験になっています。その経験を東京2020に生かすことは非常に重要な点です。

ドーピングとの戦い

——For Japanese people, many cases are due to the use of supplements.

Yamasawa

That's right. In the manufacturing process of supplements, various things can be contaminated, and those contaminants may contain stimulants, anabolic agents, or diuretics.

The Japan Anti-Doping Agency (JADA) is taking the lead in education and awareness activities, but toward Tokyo 2020, we must work strictly to ensure no more violators of the anti-doping rules emerge.

——Doping is also related to the value of sports. In the hammer throw at the Athens Olympics, a doping rule violation by the Polish athlete Annus was discovered after the award ceremony, and Murofushi was promoted to the gold medal. However, at the stage of the medal ceremony, Murofushi was in the silver medal position, so many Japanese people think Murofushi won silver. This was a pity.

Yamasawa

Since the Annus case, urine samples from the Olympics and World Championships have been stored for 10 years. Samples from the 2012 London and 2016 Rio Olympics will be re-analyzed at the Tokyo or the following Paris Games, using the newest analysis methods to check for prohibited substances. It is becoming increasingly strict.

——ドーピングというのはスポーツの価値の部分にも関連します。オリンピックアテネ大会のハンマー投げで、表彰式後にポーランドのアヌシュ選手のドーピングルール違反が発覚して室伏選手が繰り上げで金メダルになった。しかし、メダルセレモニーの段階では室伏選手は銀メダルの位置だったので、室伏さんは銀メダルだと思っている日本人が多い。これは気の毒なことでした。

山澤

アヌシュの件以降、オリンピックや世界選手権の尿検体は10年間保管しています。2012年ロンドンと2016年リオのオリンピックで出た検体は、東京やその次のパリ大会でまた再分析されて、1番新しい分析方法で前の検体を再分析し、違反物質がないかどうかをチェックする。どんどん厳しくなっているのです。

東京2020に向けて

——Wonderful.

Yamasawa

However, looking back now, I think if I had practiced a little more and studied sports more, I could have achieved better records (laughs).

——What was the trigger for you to pursue the path of sports medicine?

Yamasawa

Dr. Makoto Asano, who was the director of Ogikubo Hospital, was a senior in the School of Medicine track and field club and the chairman of the medical committee of the Japan Association of Athletics Federations. When I was in graduate school for respiratory medicine, Dr. Asano told me, "It's about time you started helping out," and I began helping from the late 80s. If it hadn't been for those words from my senior, I might not have done it.

——Keio indeed had the generation of Dr. Asano and Dr. Hajime Yamazaki regarding sports medicine.

Yamasawa

Dr. Asano served as an IAAF medical committee member for 12 years starting in 1992. I have been doing it since 2004.

——At Tokyo 2020, since Keio University Hospital is closest to the National Stadium, it will be in charge of spectator relief at the National Stadium. We have asked you to join that working group, and we are currently in the middle of preparations. Having a doctor like you who has experience in international competitions within Keio is a great strength.

Yamasawa

At Tokyo 2020, my role will be as medical staff for the Japan Association of Athletics Federations, dealing with athletes and officials competing on the field. The role of the working group is to improve the coordination between spectator response and field response, which is very important for the success of the competition. Especially since there are measures against heatstroke and so on.

——You will be on the infield, and Keio University Hospital will handle spectators and back-end support.

Yamasawa

Also, at the Tokyo Olympics, Keio plans to comprehensively support the British team's pre-competition camp, centered on the Hiyoshi Campus, so this is a good chance to promote the Keio name worldwide. We need the British athletes to say they won gold medals thanks to Keio (laughs).

——No, it really is important.

Yamasawa

Just providing facilities is not enough. We need to prepare various human resources and the things that athletes really need, so they leave satisfied. I think upfront investment is necessary.

——It's so-called "omotenashi" (hospitality), isn't it? Right now, talk about academic exchange is taking precedence, and it feels like the hospitality part is being left behind a bit, so we need to correct the course there.

Yamasawa

The role as a host university is very important. From the lodgings where athletes stay to the practice venues, how will they get there? How should equipment transport be handled? The delegations want those detailed things, and doing them well earns praise.

——It would be great if Andy Murray said "Keio is wonderful" (laughs).

Yamasawa

This Plaque of Merit was handed to me by IAAF President Sebastian Coe. He was the former chairman of the British Olympic Association and has visited Hiyoshi as well. So, I think expectations for Keio are high.

——Indeed. Thank you very much for a very meaningful talk today.


*Affiliations and titles are as of the time of publication.

山澤

このプラーク・オブ・メリットはIAAF会長のセバスチャン・コーから渡されたんですよ。彼は前の英国オリンピック委員会の会長で日吉にも来られていますね。ですから、慶應への期待は大きいと思います。

——そうですね。今日は大変有意義なお話を有り難うございました。


※所属・職名等は本誌発刊当時のものです。